Line spacing determines the amount of vertical space between lines of
text. Word uses single line spacing by default. The line spacing you select
will affect all lines of text in the selected paragraph or the paragraph that
contains the insertion point. Single Line spacing for each line that
accommodates the largest font in that line, plus a small amount of extra space.
The amount of extra space varies depending on the font used. 1.5 Lines Line
spacing for each line that is one-and-one-half times that of single line
spacing. For example, if 10-point text is spaced at 1.5 lines, the line spacing
is approximately 15 points. Double Line spacing for each line that is twice
that of single line spacing. For example, in double-spaced lines of 10-point
text, the line spacing is approximately 20 points. At Least: Minimum line
spacing that Word can adjust to accommodate larger font sizes or graphics that
would not otherwise fit within the specified spacing. Exactly Fixed line
spacing that Word does not adjust. This option makes all lines evenly spaced.
Multiple Line spacing that is increased or decreased by a percentage that you
specify. For example, setting line spacing to a multiple of 1.2 will increase
the space by 20 percent, while setting line spacing to a multiple of 0.8 will
decrease the space by 20 percent. Setting the line spacing at a multiple of 2
is equivalent to setting the line spacing at Double. In the At box, type or
select the line spacing you want. The default is three lines. At the amount of line spacing you select.
This option is available only if you select At Least, Exactly, or Multiple in
the Line Spacing box.
Keystrokes for line spacing
For single spacing : Ctrl + 1
For double spacing a large text character, graphic, or formula, Word
increases the spacing for that line. To make all lines evenly spaced, click
Exactly in the Line spacing box, and then select the line spacing in the At box
that is large enough to fit the largest character or graphic in the line. If
characters or graphics still appear cut off, select a larger number in the At
box.
Page layout, Page design, Page Set Up, drawing objects and document
printing
Margins
The margin is the distance from the text to the
paper's edge. Word usually prints text and graphics inside the margins;
headers, footers, and page numbers are printed in the margins. You can use the
rulers in page layout view or print preview to set the margins in different
sections of a document.
Page Numbers
You can specify where you want page numbers to start
in a document, as well as their position and format. On the Insert menu, click
Page Numbers. You can also insert page numbers by using the Header and Footer
command on the View menu.
Add Headers and footers
If you want to repeat information at the top of each
page, such as a document title or company logo, create a header. Create a
footer to repeat information at the bottom of each page, such as the file name,
author, page number, and the current date. On the View menu, click Header and
Footer, and then enter text or a graphic in the header or footer area.
Mix lay out in a document
To vary the layout of a document, divide the
document into sections, and format each section the way you want. Section
formats include the number of columns, the size of margins, the format of page
numbers, and the contents and position of headers and footers. To create a new
section, click where you want the new section to begin, and then click Break on
the Insert menu.
Add page breaks
Word automatically starts a new page when the
current page is full. As you edit, Word continually adjusts the automatic page
breaks. To begin a page at a particular spot, such as at the beginning of a
chapter, click Break on the Insert menu, and then select the Page break check
box. You can select, move, copy, or delete these manual page breaks as you
would any other character.
Align text vertically
You can align text with the top or bottom of a page,
center text, or distribute text equally between the top and bottom margins.
This feature is useful for formatting single-page documents such as title
pages. Click Page Set-up on the File menu, click the Layout tab, and then
select the alignment you want.
: Ctrl + 2
For multiple spacing : Ctrl + 5
Note If a line contains About line spacing
Line spacing determines the amount of vertical space between lines of
text. Word uses single line spacing by default. The line spacing you select
will affect all lines of text in the selected paragraph or the paragraph that
contains the insertion point. Single Line spacing for each line that
accommodates the largest font in that line, plus a small amount of extra space.
The amount of extra space varies depending on the font used. 1.5 Lines Line
spacing for each line that is one-and-one-half times that of single line
spacing. For example, if 10-point text is spaced at 1.5 lines, the line spacing
is approximately 15 points. Double Line spacing for each line that is twice
that of single line spacing. For example, in double-spaced lines of 10-point
text, the line spacing is approximately 20 points. At Least: Minimum line
spacing that Word can adjust to accommodate larger font sizes or graphics that
would not otherwise fit within the specified spacing. Exactly Fixed line
spacing that Word does not adjust. This option makes all lines evenly spaced.
Multiple Line spacing that is increased or decreased by a percentage that you
specify. For example, setting line spacing to a multiple of 1.2 will increase
the space by 20 percent, while setting line spacing to a multiple of 0.8 will
decrease the space by 20 percent. Setting the line spacing at a multiple of 2
is equivalent to setting the line spacing at Double. In the At box, type or
select the line spacing you want. The default is three lines. At the amount of line spacing you select.
This option is available only if you select At Least, Exactly, or Multiple in
the Line Spacing box.
Keystrokes for line spacing
For single spacing : Ctrl + 1
For double spacing a large text character, graphic, or formula, Word
increases the spacing for that line. To make all lines evenly spaced, click
Exactly in the Line spacing box, and then select the line spacing in the At box
that is large enough to fit the largest character or graphic in the line. If
characters or graphics still appear cut off, select a larger number in the At
box.
&
Page Set Up
If you are going to print document, you need to see
how it should appear on the page. Page
set up offers you to change margins, the paper size, the layout of the paper,
and even which
printer tray comes from.
Setting Margins
To set the
margins for your document:
¨
Click the margin tab in the page set up dialog box.
¨
In the boxes for top, bottom, left and right margins, use the spinner
arrow to enter the measurement you want for each margin, alternatively, type in
a measurement
Setting Paper Size
Word lets you print on paper of various size,
offering a Custom option to allow you to set a peculiar paper size of your own,
in addition to the various standard paper and envelope sizes.
To change the
size of the paper you are printing on:
¨
Click the paper size tab of Page Set Up dialog box.
¨
In the paper size drop down list box:
¨
Choose the size of the paper you will be working with (for example, letter
8½ X 11inch).
¨
If you can’t find the width and height of paper you want, use the width
and height boxes to set the width and height
Setting Paper Orientation
To change the orientation of
the page you are working on:
Click
the paper size tab of the page setup dialog box and ;
Choose
portrait or landscape in the orientation group box.
Word handles by letting you know to divide documents
into Sections, each of which can have different characteristics
&
Creating a Section
To create a section:
v Place the insertion point
where you want the new section to start.
v Choose Insert-Break. Word
will display the Break dialog box.
v Choose the type of section
break to insert by clicking one of the option buttons in the section break
area.
v Next page- Starts the
section from the next page
v Continuos-Start the section
from the same page
v Even page-Starts the section
from the new even page
v Odd page-Starts the section
from the new odd page
&
Deleting a Section
To delete a section break, place the insertion point
at the beginning of the section break and press the Delete Key
v Rules for writing
file name/ page no/ date/ time
v
v Setting Up Of
Headers and Footers
v
v Headers and
Footers give you an easy way to repeat identifying information on each page of
your document. For example, in a header, you
might include the title of a document
and the author, while in a footer you
might include the file name, the date and the page number out of total number
of pages in the document.
v
&
Setting Headers and Footers
v To include a
header in your document:
¨
Choose View-Header and Footer. Word will display the page in Page Layout View and will display
the Header and Footer toolbar.
¨
Enter the text for the header in the header area at
the top of the page. Use the buttons on
the Header and Footer toolbar to speed your work.
v
&
Animating Text
v If you create
fancy screen presentation, you might want to take a look at Word’s animation
feature, which can make your text shimmer, sparkle or blink.
v Place your
insertion point where you want the animation to begin or select the text you
want to animate.
¨
Choose Format Menu-Font.
¨
Select the Animation tab.
¨
Select the effect you want to use and click OK.
v
v
v Notice that the
preview box shows you the result of the selected animation.
v
For Documents printing :
Click the
File, then Select the Print Command, Print dialogue box will appear,
then select the name of the printer where you will print, then
In the Page range :
v All, for printing
all pages
v Current, for printing the
current page only.
v Page range, for printing the
selected page only.
v number of copies and then
OK/Enter.
For setting up the horizontal and vertical toolbar, the following are the
rules :
Click Tools Menu, then options and then view tab and then vertical and
horizontal toolbar
Add a freeform drawing object
·
On the Drawing toolbar, click AutoShapes, and then point to Lines.
·
Click Freeform to draw an object with both curved and straight
segments. Drag to draw freehand shapes; click and move the mouse to draw
straight lines.
·
Click Scribble when you want an object to look more like it was drawn
with a pen.
·
To end a shape and leave it open, double-click it at any point.
·
To close a shape, click near its starting point.
Change the drawing grid
The
drawing grid is an invisible network of lines that helps you align drawing
objects, such as AutoShapes. Gridlines are not visible on the screen. As you
drag or draw an object or an AutoShape, Word pulls it into alignment with the
nearest intersection of gridlines.
The
default spacing of gridlines is 0.1 inch, but you can change both the vertical
and horizontal spacing between gridlines. Initially, the grid begins at the
upper-left corner of the page the 0 (zero)-inch point on the horizontal
ruler ¾ but you can change the
starting point also.
Tip To temporarily override settings for the
grids, press ALT as you drag or draw an object.
What do you want to do?
·
Change the spacing between the drawing gridlines
·
Change the starting point for gridlines
Change the spacing between the drawing gridlines
·
To display the Drawing toolbar, click Drawing.
·
On the Drawing toolbar, click Draw, and then click Grid.
·
In the Horizontal spacing and Vertical spacing boxes, enter the spacing
you want.
Notes
·
To turn off the invisible
grid, clear the Snap to grid check box.
·
To align objects with
gridlines that align with the vertical and horizontal edges of AutoShapes,
select the Snap to shapes check box.
v
Change the starting point for gridlines
·
To display the Drawing toolbar, click Drawing.
·
On the Drawing toolbar, click Draw, and then click Grid.
·
In the Horizontal origin and the Vertical origin boxes, specify where
you want vertical and horizontal gridlines to begin, relative to the edges of
the page.
If you are
going to print document, you need to see how it should appear on the page. Page set up offers you to change margins, the
paper size, the layout of the paper, and even which
printer tray comes from.
Setting
Margins
To set the margins for
your document:
¨
Click the margin tab in the page set up dialog box.
¨
In the boxes for top, bottom, left and right margins,
use the spinner arrow to enter the measurement you want for each margin,
alternatively, type in a measurement
Setting
Paper Size
Word lets
you print on paper of various size, offering a Custom option to allow you to
set a peculiar paper size of your own, in addition to the various standard
paper and envelope sizes.
To change the size of the paper you are
printing on:
¨
Click the paper size tab of Page Set Up dialog box.
¨
In the paper size drop down list box:
¨
Choose the size of the paper you will be working with
(for example, letter 8½ X 11inch).
¨
If you can’t find the width and height of paper you
want, use the width and height boxes to set the width and height
Setting Paper Orientation
To change the orientation of the
page you are working on:
v Click the
paper size tab of the page setup dialog box and ;
v Choose
portrait or landscape in the orientation group box.
Word
handles by letting you know to divide documents into Sections, each of which
can have different characteristics
&
Creating a Section
To create a section:
v Place the
insertion point where you want the new section to start.
v Choose
Insert-Break. Word will display the Break dialog box.
v Choose the
type of section break to insert by clicking one of the option buttons in the
section break area.
v Next page-
Starts the section from the next page
v Continuos-Start
the section from the same page
v Even
page-Starts the section from the new even page
v Odd
page-Starts the section from the new odd page
&
Deleting a Section
To delete a
section break, place the insertion point at the beginning of the section break
and press the Delete Key
v
Rules for writing file name/ page
no/ date/ time
v
Setting Up Of Headers and Footers
v
Headers and Footers give you an
easy way to repeat identifying information on each page of your document. For
example, in a header, you might include the title of a document
and the author, while in a footer you
might include the file name, the date and the page number out of total number
of pages in the document.
v
&
Setting Headers and Footers
v
To include a header in your
document:
¨
Choose View-Header and Footer. Word will display the page in Page Layout View and will display
the Header and Footer toolbar.
¨
Enter the text for the header in
the header area at the top of the page.
Use the buttons on the Header and Footer toolbar to speed your work.
v
&
Animating Text
v
If you create fancy screen
presentation, you might want to take a look at Word’s animation feature, which
can make your text shimmer, sparkle or blink.
v
Place your insertion point where
you want the animation to begin or select the text you want to animate.
¨
Choose Format Menu-Font.
¨
Select the Animation tab.
¨
Select the effect you want to use
and click OK.
Move a drawing object or set of objects
l Select the drawing
object, drawing
canvas (drawing canvas: An area upon which you
can draw multiple shapes. Because the shapes are contained within the drawing
canvas, they can be moved and resized as a unit.), multiple
selection (multiple selection: The process of selecting
nonadjacent and adjacent files and objects.), or group (group: A collection of objects that behave as one
for the purpose of moving, resizing, or rotating them. A group can be composed
of multiple sets of groups. ) you want to move.
l Drag the object to its new location.
Notes:- To constrain an object so it moves only horizontally or vertically, press SHIFT as you drag the object.
- You can also "nudge" an object in small increments by selecting it and pressing the arrow keys, unless the object is on a floating (floating object: A graphic or other object that is inserted in the drawing layer so that you can position it precisely on the page or in front of or behind text or other objects.) drawing canvas
Align and arrange drawing objects
The following procedures work with floating (floating object: A graphic or other object that is inserted in the drawing layer so that you can position it precisely on the page or in front of or behind text or other objects.) drawing objects, but not with inline (inline object: A graphic or other object that is positioned directly in the text of a Microsoft Word document at the insertion point.) drawing objects.Do one of the following:
Align drawing objects relative to each other,
to drawing canvas or to the page- Select the floating drawing objects (drawing object: Any graphic you draw or insert, which can be changed and enhanced. Drawing objects include AutoShapes, curves, lines, and WordArt.) you want to align.
- Do one of the following:
1. On
the Drawing toolbar (toolbar: A bar with buttons and options that you
use to carry out commands. To display a toolbar, use the Customize dialog box (point to Toolbars on the View
menu and click Customize). To see more buttons, click Toolbar Options at the end of the toolbar.), click Draw.
2. Point
to Align or Distribute, and make
sure that Relative to Page or Relative to Canvas is not selected.
3. Select
the alignment you want.
To use this procedure, the objects must be on a drawing
canvas (drawing canvas: An area upon which you
can draw multiple shapes. Because the shapes are contained within the drawing
canvas, they can be moved and resized as a unit.).
4. On
the Drawing toolbar (toolbar: A bar with buttons and options that you
use to carry out commands. To display a toolbar, use the Customize dialog box (point to Toolbars on the View
menu and click Customize). To see more buttons, click Toolbar Options at the end of the toolbar.), click Draw.
5. Point
to Align or Distribute, and then
select Relative to Canvas.
6. Click
Draw again, point to Align or Distribute, and then select
the alignment you want.
To use this procedure, the objects can not be on a
drawing canvas, and you must be working in print
layout view (print layout view: A view of a document or
other object as it will appear when you print it. For example, items such as
headers, footnotes, columns, and text boxes appear in their actual positions.).
1. On the Drawing
toolbar (toolbar: A bar with buttons and options that you
use to carry out commands. To display a toolbar, use the Customize
dialog box (point to Toolbars on the View menu and click Customize). To see more buttons, click Toolbar
Options at the end of the toolbar.),
click Draw.
2. Point to Align
or Distribute, and then select Relative
to Page.
3. Click Draw
again, point to Align or Distribute,
and then select the alignment you want.
Align
floating drawing objects on a grid
On the Drawing
toolbar (toolbar: A bar with buttons and options that you
use to carry out commands. To display a toolbar, use the Customize
dialog box (point to Toolbars on the View menu and click Customize). To see more buttons, click Toolbar
Options at the end of the toolbar.),
click Draw, and then click Grid.
1. Do one or both of the following:
2. To automatically align drawing objects on an invisible
grid (grid: A set of intersecting lines used to align
objects.), select the Snap
objects to grid check box.
3. To
automatically align objects with gridlines that go through the vertical and
horizontal edges of other shapes, select the Snap objects to other objects check box.
4. Select any other options you want.
For Help on an option, click the question mark, and
then click the option.
l Select the floating drawing
objects (drawing object: Any graphic you draw or
insert, which can be changed and enhanced. Drawing objects include AutoShapes,
curves, lines, and WordArt.) you want to arrange.
l Unless you
arrange the objects in relation to the page or to drawing canvas, you must
select three or more objects.
l Do one of
the following:
l On the Drawing
toolbar (toolbar: A bar with buttons and options that you
use to carry out commands. To display a toolbar, use the Customize
dialog box (point to Toolbars on the View menu and click Customize). To see more buttons, click Toolbar
Options at the end of the toolbar.),
click Draw.
l Point to Align
or Distribute, and make sure that Relative to Canvas or Relative
to Page is not selected.
l Click Distribute
Horizontally or Distribute
Vertically.
- On the Drawing toolbar (toolbar: A bar with buttons and options that you use to carry out commands. To display a toolbar, use the Customize dialog box (point to Toolbars on the View menu and click Customize). To see more buttons, click Toolbar Options at the end of the toolbar.), click Draw.
- Point to Align or Distribute, and then click Relative to Canvas.
- Click Draw again, point to Align or Distribute, and then click Distribute Horizontally or Distribute Vertically.
1. On the Drawing
toolbar, click Draw.
2. Point to Align
or Distribute, and then click Relative
to Page.
3. Click Draw
again, point to Align or Distribute,
and then click Distribute Horizontally
or Distribute Vertically.
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