It is a significant fact that the difficulties
of our modern dilemma lies with the wrestle against the illicit drug
trafficking and the spread of drug addiction. Nowadays this difficulty is
extremely heightened and as such it is openly connected with the success of the
fight against crime, or failure if we poorly fight the phenomenon which is the
burning question of the day and indeed a whole variety of social and economic
issues. And of course it is most strongly knotted with the number one theme in
the world – the struggle against terrorism. Narco-business is one of the
financial sources for terrorist groups and bandit gangs. It is well known that
80 percent of heroin is supplied to the world market from some sources
involving in terrorism and social immoral activities. And gunmen of certain
movements control drug transfer from there to Central Asia and on to Europe
through Russia. Terrorism and drugs are absolutely kindred phenomena. They have
common roots and similar destructive power. Terrorism, just as narco-business,
has a ramified international network and without doubt bears a transnational
character. Narco-business also has a pronounced economic aspect. For this
reasons, drug addiction as a medical and social phenomenon doesn’t exist
without a criminal narco-market network as well as drug sales.
In
recent survey it has been detected many countries have today become a colossal
user of the narco-potion. Today, according to official data alone, there are
about 269,000 drug addicts and there exists more than the actual figure for
drug users is much higher. Moreover, the narco-market structure is changing.
The drug producers have a conspicuous growth of the share of highly
concentrated drugs, and in the first place Afghan heroin, the proportion of
which in total drug use constitutes 28 percent out. In the hyper critical state
of Modern world, there grows local drug production in the country, including
that of synthetic drugs, cheap and producing instant dependence. What’s
particularly dangerous is that the number of such laboratories by some expert estimates
has greatly increased in Russia in recent years. Unfortunately, the social base
of drug addiction is expanding. Today this disease has percolated to all
sections of society, encompassing the territory – world wide, especially the
depressed areas. This is leading to an avalanche-like spread of AIDS. By
experts’ estimates as revealed so far in the world statistics, 90 percent of
the HIV-infected catch the virus precisely through intravenous drug use. As
before, most of the drug addicts – up to 53 percent – are persons with no
definite occupation. It is they who strengthen the army of distributors now as
well, which in its turn gives go up to a crime flare.
The
melancholic strain is that drug addiction has got much younger. The total
number of sick persons has increased by nine times over the recent period, and
among adolescents by 17 times. The “average age” of those who have for the
first time tasted drugs barely exceeds 14 years. In drug trafficking In this
context, it is evident from the recent survey, Russia is not only a “terminal,”
but also a transshipment point. Drug syndicates have undertaken a real
expansion in Russia. It has become a favorable transit passageway for them.
By
experts’ estimates, one dollar invested in a narcotic – for example, in
Afghanistan – grows into super profits after the sale of the drug item in
European countries. And the overall volume of your and our market – the Russian
market – exceeds 1 billion dollars. Power agencies obviously put up with the
brunt of the fight against the drug mafia. Here we will inevitably have to
strengthen, both financially and with cadres, all of the services that are
associated with this kind of activity – the fight against the drug mafia. By
the detention of drug goods alone we cannot solve this problem. Only a small
part of merchandise gets confiscated. Experience shows that the detainees are
mostly petty retailers, and sometimes also those who need being treated
themselves.
In
this connection it is time in general to revise the criteria of work in this
direction. We must put up a barrier to all the ways for drug penetration into
illegal trade, smash the infrastructure of drug networks and eliminate demand.
The reasons for the powerful drug “invasion” lie not only in the proximity of
the countries of the Golden Crescent. For it there are loopholes in Russia
itself – financial, legal, and administrative and, of course, social. In
addition to one more important aspect of the problem – the attitude to this
question of society itself. Drugs are percolating even to social institutions
which are responsible for the upbringing of young people baptized to serve as
an blockage to drug pushers, the enlightening institutions, regrettably, are
fetching a bridgehead for drug allocation. We’re encountering the indifference
of both the school and parents. Today every fifth recruit brings to the army
with him an experience of drug use with all the ensuing consequences for
security agencies.
Drug
use should not be allowed to become a subculture or fashion. Unfortunately,
we’re observing signs of this. Even worse, books are being freely sold that
propagate a “narcotic lifestyle.” All of these manifestations of a grave social
disease have to be fought by legal and administrative and educational methods.
Here a substantial workload falls on legislators, legislation in all-purpose,
and law enforcement practice. Changes ought to be directed toward stiffening
criminal responsibility for the most dangerous narco-crimes. Thought should
also be given to the introduction of a practice of replacing punishment with
coercive treatment for drug addicts.
Marijuana
and hashish are those drugs produced from the plant Indian hemp and
accordingly, visible effects of the drugs including reddening of the eyes
caused by distention of blood vessels, and enlargement of the pupils. Effects
on the mind vary and in general visual awareness is increased and ideas flow
more quickly. These drugs are not addictive and there is no evidence that they
harm the body. There is a jeopardy, however, that the drug taker’s sense of
judgment will be distorted so that reckless or foolish behavior can result.
Lysergic acid DI-ethyl amide (LSD) is an example of a hallucinogenic drug, so
called because it gives rise to dramatic eccentricity. The effects of LSD trip
are erratic and seem to depend upon the mood of the user without more ado
before taking the drug. It could for instance intensify awareness and
perception to the point at which the user undergoes mystical experiences or it
may intensify a depressed, fearful or agitated mood with horrendous results.
One more problem with LSD is that very miniature quantities have powerful
effects, and since illegitimately formed drugs vary in quality drug takers can
never be sure how much they are taking. An overdose of LSD can result in
insanity or death. Another problem with LSD is that very small quantities have
powerful effects, and since illegally produced drugs are extracted from the
seed capsules of the opium poppy. Opiates are medically important as painkillers.
But drug takers use them because they give rise to approach of well beings,
pleasure, and power. It may be apologetic to articulate when the effects wear
off the taker becomes anxious and depressed and is tempered to take another
dose to restore a good mood, a course that can lead to addiction. Morphine,
heroine, and other drugs that are often injected involve the risk of infection
from dirt hypodermic needles. Besides this, Barbiturates and amphetamines are
used immediately to relieve anxiety and as sleeping pills. But they are
dangerous because the dosage must be continually increased to be effective.
Barbiturates are often used in combination with amphetamines and other
stimulants. These reduce the sleepiness induced by barbiturates with a feeling
of mental alertness. Amphetamines harm the health by reducing the appetite, by
causing sleeplessness, and by reducing the body’s ability to fight infection.
Hence it is clear that the drug as have been reflected so far is illegal unless
they are used under medical supervision. The illegal use or sale of these drugs
can result in colossal punishment under the enactment of the government as
implied.
In
view of the above it is evident that the possibility of providing castigation
for drug advocacy needs to be geared up. The state parties ought not to limit
to isolated establishments, every one on behalf of the state need to create a
network of healing centers where up-and-coming methods of treatment and return
of people to a normal social life should be the prime factor. Regrettably, drug
addiction has ceased to be a “disease of the rich only,” and hence we must
expand the network of state institutions for the poor. But at the same time we
need to develop and create a transparent legal base for the work of private sectors.
An important set of tasks is connected with the eradication of financial
channels for narco-business, which can be cut off not only by fighting against
unlawful elements, but also through the use of a whole system of special
measures as a tentative flow.
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